Metabolic syndrome is prevalent and undiagnosed in clients attending private practice physiotherapy: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in clients presenting for primary care physiotherapy within private practice settings, and the factors that may be associated with metabolic syndrome. The secondary aim was to determine client’s attitudes towards lifestyle change. DesignA cross-sectional study in which self-report and biometric data were collected. The study was conducted in physiotherapy private practices across metropolitan and regional areas, Australia. Participants230 clients (mean age 54 (SD18) years, 64% women) presenting for physiotherapy participated. Main outcome measuresParticipant socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected. Metabolic syndrome presence was determined by the existence of three or more risk factors on physical examination and capillary blood sample: abdominal obesity, hypertension, elevated random blood glucose, elevated triglycerides and/or reduced HDL cholesterol. ResultsThirty-seven percent of participants had metabolic syndrome, but none knew they had it. Metabolic syndrome was associated with older age and poorer socio-economic status and may have been associated with lower levels of physical activity but not diet. Many participants had undiagnosed individual risk factors such as hypertension (56%) and elevated triglycerides (29%). ConclusionMetabolic syndrome is prevalent and undiagnosed in clients attending private practice physiotherapy. Clients felt lifestyle change was important and they were willing to make changes. This study highlights the need for greater screening of metabolic risk factors in primary care and presents an opportunity for physiotherapists in private practice to identify risk and intervene to improve the overall health of their clients and contribute to chronic disease prevention. Contribution of the Paper•more prevalent in clients attending private practice physiotherapy (37%) compared to the general population (25%).•Older clients from areas of relative socio-economic disadvantage who are no longer employed and are inactive are most at risk.•Physiotherapists can make an impact by detecting metabolic syndrome and then providing advice and prescribing exercise and physical activity, along with referral for appropriate medical or dietary management.