Metabolic syndrome is not associated to an increased risk of low bone mineral density in men at risk for osteoporosis

D Rendina,A Giaquinto,P Strazzullo,G De Filippo,D Prezioso,L D’Elia,B Barone,M Evangelista,G Piccinocchi,V Abate

doi:10.1007/s40618-021-01638-w

D Rendina, A Giaquinto + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-021-01638-w

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Abstract

PurposeWe have recently demonstrated a significant association between osteoporosis (Op) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Caucasian women examined by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for suspected Op. This cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the association between MetS and Op in Caucasian men enrolled in the same geographical area, with identical criteria and in the same time range.MethodsAmong subjects enrolled in the SIMON study, we selected the medical records of all free-living men who performed a contextual evaluation of both bone mineral density (BMD) by DXA and MetS constitutive elements (arterial blood pressure, waist circumference, serum levels of triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose). All enrolled subjects refer to “COMEGEN” general practitioners’ cooperative operating in Naples, Southern Italy.ResultsOverall, the medical records of 880 men were examined. No significant association between MetS and Op was observed. Among MetS constitutive elements, waist circumference was inversely related to Op risk.ConclusionIn Caucasian men examined by DXA for suspected Op, no significant association was observed between Op and MetS. The study results contrast to those observed in women enrolled in the same geographical area, with identical criteria and in the same time range and may be related to sexual dimorphism occurring in clinical expressiveness of both MetS and Op.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the coexistence of interconnected pathological conditions that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and mortality for CVDs and for all-causes [1, 2]
The study results do not demonstrate a significant association between MetS and Op in free-living Caucasian men from Southern Italy undergoing to dual-Xray absorptiometry (DXA) for suspected Op
Unlike what was observed in SIMON men, a significant association between MetS and Op was observed among SIMON women [11]

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the coexistence of interconnected pathological conditions that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and mortality for CVDs and for all-causes [1, 2]. The gold standard criterion for Op diagnosis is the assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) by the dual-Xray absorptiometry (DXA) [3,4,5] Both MetS and Op showed high prevalence and incidence in adult worldwide population and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimations indicate a significant and exponential increase in the incidence and prevalence of MetS and Op in both sexes in the future caused by the aging of the worldwide populations [2,3,4,5,6]. Based on WHO data, in the last decades, the prevention, detection and treatment of both Op and MetS are considered a priority objective for several public health programs [7, 8] In this regard, the Italian National Health Service (Sistema Sanitario Nazionale in Italian, SSN) proposes

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