Abstract
BackgroundMinor ischemic stroke (MIS) represents a major global public health problem worldwide due to high incidence. The aim of this study was to investigate whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a strong risk for MIS and subsequent vascular events (SVE).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed examining symptomatic MIS in a Chinese neurologic outpatient population aged over 25 years without history of stroke. MetS was defined using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. MIS was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging-diffusion weighted images or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.ResultsOf 1361 outpatients, a total of 753 (55.3%) patients were diagnosed with MIS; of them, 80% had a score of 0 using the MIS had a 0 score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Among these, 303 (40.2%) individuals with MIS were diagnosed with MetS. Diagnosed of MIS with MetS significantly correlated with abdominal obesity (30.7% v.s 18.0%), hypertension (91.1% v.s 81.6%), increased blood glucose (6.9±2.4 v.s 5.0±0.4), dyslipidemia (78.2% v.s 48.2%), and SVE (50.5% v.s 11.3%) when compared with the controls group. On adjusted analysis, the risk of SVE was also significantly associated with three additional MetS criterion (RR,9.0; 95% CI, 5.677–14.46). Using Cox proportional analysis, risk of SVE in patient with MIS was significantly associated with MetS (RR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.799–6.210), older age (RR, 1.0; 95% CI, 1.001–1.048), and high blood glucose (RR,1.1; 95%CI, 1.007–1.187).ConclusionsThe MetS is a strong risk factor for MIS, and patients presenting with MIS and MetS are at a high risk of SVE. Further studies are required to determine the improvement of Mets prevention in the reduction of MIS and SVE.
Highlights
Minor ischemic stroke (MIS) has become an important public health problem, as several epidemiological studies have reported an incidence of up to 55%-74% in metropolitan regions [1], [2]
Of 1361 outpatients, a total of 753 (55.3%) patients were diagnosed with MIS; of them, 80% had a score of 0 using the MIS had a 0 score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale
Diagnosed of MIS with metabolic syndrome (MetS) significantly correlated with abdominal obesity (30.7% v.s 18.0%), hypertension (91.1% v.s 81.6%), increased blood glucose (6.9±2.4 v.s 5.0±0.4), dyslipidemia (78.2% v.s 48.2%), and subsequent vascular events (SVE) (50.5% v.s 11.3%) when compared with the controls group
Summary
Minor ischemic stroke (MIS) has become an important public health problem, as several epidemiological studies have reported an incidence of up to 55%-74% in metropolitan regions [1], [2]. Some new risk factors, including dyslipidemia, increased blood levels of C-reactive protein, carotid intima-media thickness, metabolic syndrome (MetS), older age, and gender have been identified [4], [5]. These risk factors increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and ischemic strokes [6]–[8]. Few studies have assessed the role of MetS as a strong risk factor for MIS, and there is limited data showing that these patients are more likely to present with subsequent vascular events (SVE). The aim of this study was to investigate whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a strong risk for MIS and subsequent vascular events (SVE)
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