Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS), a constellation of interconnected metabolic disorders including obesity (central and abdominal), hyperglycemia, dyslipidemias and hypertension is highly prevalent among patients with schizophrenia. The prevalence of MS varies across countries and ethnic groups. There are multiple determinants of MS among patient with schizophrenia, important being age, sex, ethnic group, longer duration of illness, advanced age, and use of antipsychotics. Early detection and management of metabolic abnormalities could prevent associated premature morbidity and mortality in schizophrenia. Future research is needed to identify and explore genetic determinants of MS in schizophrenia which could help to prevent and manage the illness in better way.J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol .6(1), 2017, p.3-11
Highlights
Psychiatric disorders are found among the leading cause of global morbidity.[1]
Majorities of them used in these various definitions include waist circumference, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) level and raised triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and blood pressure (BP)
A study among patients with schizophrenia in 2000 to 2006 compared with 1984 to 1995 explored that patient who were under second generation antipsychotic had more than twice the rate of new incident cases of Metabolic syndrome (MS) after 3 years, compared with those treated with first generation antipsychotics (27.8% vs 9.8%).[47]
Summary
Psychiatric disorders are found among the leading cause of global morbidity.[1]. Schizophrenia is one among them which has chronic course with poor prognosis.[2]. Withdrawal and diminished emotional engagement, loss of motivation, poverty of speech and cognitive impairments can significantly impair social and occupational functioning.[16,19] It result in persistent negative impact on patient ability to maintain relationships and engage in productive work in addition to disorganized thinking and memory impairments.[20] There is evidence that more than 90% of patients with schizophrenia have sleep problems[21] which may exacerbate existing psychopathology by causing distress and negative impact on general functioning.[21] It has serious physical, social and economic consequences,[20] which is often accompanied by relapse even while on treatment.[17] The chronic and deteriorating nature makes this illness disabling disorder for patients and their families.[] There is a great negative impact of illness on quality of life of patients and carers.[]
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