Metabolic syndrome, HOMA-IR and adiponectin in obese adolescents

Abstract

Background: Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) is a method used to measure insulin resistance (IR). Adiponectin is involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Objectives: This study aimed to assess metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence in adolescents with obesity; correlate HOMA-IR and IR incidence with MetS biochemical parameters and MetS components; as well as correlate adiponectin levels and hypoadiponectinemia incidence with MetS biochemical parameters and MetS components. Methods: This study was conducted at the Outpatient Installation Unit of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Child Health Department, Dr. Soetomo General District Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia with a cross-sectional study design. It lasted for nine months and focused on obese adolescents aged 13-18 years. Anthropometric measurements and blood biochemistry analyses were done. HOMA-IR was calculated using the formula [glucose (mg/dL) x Insulin (µu/L)]/405. Results: A total of 216 obese adolescents took part in the study. MetS was found in 81 subjects (37.96%). There was weak correlation between HOMA-IR ​​with anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose, and serum adiponectin levels (p<0.05). IR was found to increase the risk of MetS development by 1.661-times, dyslipidemia by 1.845-times, and abdominal obesity by 3.077-times. IR increased the risk of MetS incidence with more than three IDF criteria by 9.368-times. There was a correlation between adiponectin levels with the HDL-c. Hypoadiponectinemia was correlated with the incidence of MetS, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia. It also increased the risk of developing MetS by 2.220-times. There was a positive relationship between IR HOMA value ​​and the anthropometric parameters of obesity and MetS parameters. Conclusions: IR was found to be associated with dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and MetS incidence with more than three IDF criteria. There was a relationship between hypoadiponectinemia and waist circumference, hip circumference, HDL-c, and triglycerides. Insulin resistance and hypoadiponectinemia were associated with Mets and hypertriglyceridemia incidence.