Abstract
This review summarizes the main pathophysiological basis of the relationship between metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptor exposure and prostate cancer that is the most common cancer among men in industrialized countries. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic and hormonal factors having a central role in the initiation and recurrence of many western chronic diseases including hormonal-related cancers and it is considered as the worlds leading health problem in the coming years. Many biological factors correlate metabolic syndrome to prostate cancer and this review is aimed to focus, principally, on growth factors, cytokines, adipokines, central obesity, endocrine abnormalities and exposure to specific endocrine disruptors, a cluster of chemicals, to which we are daily exposed, with a hormone-like structure influencing oncogenes, tumor suppressors and proteins with a key role in metabolism, cell survival and chemo-resistance of prostate cancer cells. Finally, this review will analyze, from a molecular point of view, how specific foods could reduce the relative risk of incidence and recurrence of prostate cancer or inhibit the biological effects of endocrine disruptors on prostate cancer cells. On the basis of these considerations, prostate cancer remains a great health problem in terms of incidence and prevalence and interventional studies based on the treatment of metabolic syndrome in cancer patients, minimizing exposure to endocrine disruptors, could be a key point in the overall management of this disease.
Highlights
Prostate cancer represent around 15% of all diagnosed male cancers; in Europe around 2.6 million of new cases,each year, are diagnosed and the last epidemiological studies indicate 35000 new cases in Italy in 2015 [1]
Epidemiological studies focusing on the correlation between geographic position and risk of prostate cancer suggests that western life style could have a central role in the etiology of this disease western men have an incidence rate that is up to 15 times greater than in Asian men and this information suggests that there are still environmental factors or lifestyle, especially nutritional, that may play a key role in prostate cancer phenomenology [3]
Based on the high incidence of central obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in the world with special reference to western countries, and considering the well-evident connection between these factors and prostate cancer cell metabolism, it could be crucial to understand the connections between single MS determinants and prostate cancer biology and how to limit environmental exposure to endocrine disruptors that have a key role in the phenomenology of this cancer
Summary
Prostate cancer represent around 15% of all diagnosed male cancers; in Europe around 2.6 million of new cases ,each year, are diagnosed and the last epidemiological studies indicate 35000 new cases in Italy in 2015 [1].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
