Abstract
The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition which is characterized by increased risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and central obesity, in addition to increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). All of these factors alone have a notable relationship with DNA damage. However, when the risks are combined, the extent for major outcomes being related to DNA damage (cancer), the consequence can be accelerated by the metabolic dysfunction. This article will illustrate the scientific evidence of the role of DNA damage in MetS, as well as discuss the interplay of major risks factors (air pollution, physical inactivity and dietary interventions) in genomic stability.
Highlights
The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a set of multifactorial of metabolic and physiological abnormalities
Articles written in English are searched in the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed MedLine database and in the Web of Knowledge for metabolic syndrome, DNA damage, genotoxicity and oxidative stress
High-fat diets may impair insulin sensitivity and can induce mitochondrial DNA damage in mice which was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle and in liver [51]
Summary
The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a set of multifactorial of metabolic and physiological abnormalities. Of the main global leaders in mortality risks in the world, high blood pressure represents 13% of deaths worldwide, being even more impactful than tobacco use (9%), hyperglycemia (6%), physical inactivity (6%) and overweight and obesity (5%) These factors are responsible for increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular events, diabetes, cancer and MetS. The imbalance in the redox state, which can be represented by an increase between reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and antioxidants defenses, may exceed total antioxidant capacity, leading to oxidative stress This phenomenon can be observed in various pathophysiological conditions, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, and cancer and induced by air pollution exposure. Articles written in English are searched in the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed MedLine database and in the Web of Knowledge for metabolic syndrome, DNA damage, genotoxicity and oxidative stress
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