Metabolic syndrome and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk assessment among adult patients with thyroid diseases in chemchemal chronic disease control-center, Sulaimania

Abstract

Background and objectives: Metabolic syndrome is risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The study’s objective was to find the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult patients with thyroid diseases in Chemchemal chronic disease control center-Sulaimani, and to assess their atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 141 patients that attended the center; from 1st July 2018 to 1st January 2019. A structured questionnaire was administered and data was collected on socio-demographic, medical and behavioral history. Anthropometric measures and blood pressure were taken. Fasting venous blood samples were analyzed to measure lipids, glucose and thyroid hormones. The American Heart Association / National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria, was used for the definition of metabolic syndrome. Pooled Cohort Equation from the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association was used for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk assessment of each patient. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among thyroid patients was 80%, 78.7 % of females and 77.4% of males had metabolic syndrome. Hypothyroidism, central obesity and hypertension were significantly higher among females. Hypothyroidism was the major thyroid disease, found in 69.5% of the patients and thyrotoxicosis found in 30.5% of them. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk was high in majority of thyroid patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk were significantly higher among thyroid patients than normal population.