Abstract
Atypical antipsychotic medications are associated with increased risks of obesity, glucose intolerance, and diabetes, and dyslipidemia compared to the typical antipsychotic medications. Most antipsychotic medications, typical and atypical, block the D2 (dopamine) receptor; this can lead to increased prolactin levels since dopamine prevents excess prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland. The increasingly widespread use of atypical antipsychotic medications, coupled with improved awareness of medical problems in psychiatric patients, will increase the role of the clinical laboratory in managing patients with severe and persistent mental illness.
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