Abstract
Background: This study aimed to quantify the proportion of participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated metabolic risk factors in a middle-aged and elderly population in Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled residents aged 50–90 years living in one community. All participants received a standardized personal interview, including a structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and blood samples collected for laboratory testing. CKD was defined as the presence of kidney damage (urine albumin-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate the risk factors associated with CKD.Results: A total of 400 participants were enrolled. The overall proportion of participants with CKD was 20.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.54–24.46%). The proportions of participants with CKD among those aged 50–64, 65–74, and 75 years and over were 17.7, 18.8, and 35.7%, respectively (p = 0.01). Multiple logistic regression model revealed that elevated blood pressure (odds ratio [OR] = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.16–4.30), hyperglycemia (OR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.64–5.00), hyperuricemia (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.14–1.69), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.31–4.06) were significantly associated with CKD.Conclusions: The prevalence of CKD in the study population was high. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and metabolic syndrome are significantly associated with CKD in a middle-aged and elderly population in Taiwan.
Highlights
Taiwan has had the highest prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide for more than a decade [1]
This study aimed to quantify the proportion of participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated risk factors, especially metabolic syndrome, in a middle-aged and elderly population in Taiwan
The oldest group had the highest proportion of participants with CKD, whether diagnosed by microalbuminuria, declined estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), or either one of them
Summary
Taiwan has had the highest prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide for more than a decade [1]. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is higher in older adults, reaching 37.2% in older patients (aged ≥ 65 years), while the prevalence of CKD is 11.93% in adults of all ages (age ≥ 20 years) in Taiwan [3]. Treatments for CKD have the greatest effect on slowing the rate of disease progression when started early. CKD can be divided into five stages based on the appearance of kidney damage or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)
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