Abstract
Facilitated transport of glucose across plasma membranes, a passive Na+-independent process present in all mammalian cells, is mediated by a family of homologous glycoprotein molecules that exhibit characteristic kinetic properties and are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Because glucose is a universal energy-producing substrate, the regulation of its transport into cells is of fundamental importance in cellular homeostasis. This review is primarily focused on regulatory pathways that modulate the rate of glucose transport in response to alterations in cellular metabolism, with specific reference to conditions associated with increased demand for glucose utilization. Mechanisms mediating the regulation of glucose transport in response to a variety of other stimuli are also briefly considered.
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