Abstract
Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is an important procedure used for the treatment of morbid obesity and has been proven to improve, or even cure, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, of the patients with T2DM who initially go into remission, a proportion experience a relapse during the follow-up. In this context, Raman spectroscopy (RS) could be a promising technique for monitoring the metabolic profile of patients after surgical treatment with the aim of improving their postsurgical management. Methods: Fourteen obese patients with T2DM were recruited. Clinical parameters, adipokines, ghrelin, Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF-19) values, and Raman spectra were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. RS results were compared with profiles obtained from 23 healthy subjects (HC), to observe whether the metabolic fingerprint of bariatric patients normalized during the surgical follow-up. Results: The reduction in anthropometric measures and improved glycemic control and lipid profile after surgical treatment highlighted the benefits of BS. Consequently, adipokines, ghrelin and FGF-19 concentration returned to normal values after surgery. However, RS data highlighted an altered metabolic profile even after BS. Conclusion: RS suggests that BS does not fully restore the metabolic profile of patients in the immediate follow-up after the surgery.
Highlights
Morbid obesity, which represents one of the major risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a clinical condition characterized by an excess of fat mass [1]
The remission of T2DM after Bariatric surgery (BS) is described in many cases and measured by achieving specific targets relating to fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the absence of hypoglycemic therapy [14,15]
Fourteen subjects with obesity and T2DM undergoing BS with DDSG-II were included in the study
Summary
Morbid obesity, which represents one of the major risk factors for developing T2DM, is a clinical condition characterized by an excess of fat mass [1]. The therapeutic approaches currently available to manage T2DM in patients with obesity are divided into non-surgical treatments (such as an adequate diet, physical activity, and pharmacological treatments) and bariatric and metabolic surgery (BS). Several studies have reported the supremacy of BS over non-surgical treatment on the glyco-metabolic profile of patients with T2DM and obesity [7,8,9]. Bariatric surgery (BS) is an important procedure used for the treatment of morbid obesity and has been proven to improve, or even cure, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Of the patients with T2DM who initially go into remission, a proportion experience a relapse during the follow-up In this context, Raman spectroscopy (RS) could be a promising technique for monitoring the metabolic profile of patients after surgical treatment with the aim of improving their postsurgical management.
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