Metabolic Profile of Patients with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

Agnieszka Podfigurna,Blazej Meczekalski,Angelika Stellmach,Adam Czyzyk,Anna Szeliga

doi:10.3390/jcm7100374

Agnieszka Podfigurna, Blazej Meczekalski + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7100374

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Abstract

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is hypogonadism associated with amenorrhea, increased levels of gonadotropins, and hypoestrogenism. Deficiency of estrogens may contribute to higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and death. POI patients present several risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD): endothelial dysfunction, abnormal lipid profile, insulin resistance, and insulin action disturbances. Therefore, patients present a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods: Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17β-estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (fT4), fasting serum glucose and insulin concentrations, homeostatic model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid profiles were assessed in 56 women (mean age: 30.7 ± 6.9) suffering from POI diagnosed according to European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) criteria and 68 healthy age-and-weight matched women (mean age: 27.3 ± 4.5). Results: After regression analysis with BMI and age correction, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) serum concentrations were found to be significantly higher in the POI group, when compared to healthy subjects, whilst triglycerides, glucose, insulin serum concentrations, HOMA-IR, as well as systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) did not differ significantly between both groups. A significant positive correlation was identified between TC and LDL-C levels, regardless of BMI and age, whilst SBP correlated only with serum glucose concentration. Additionally, FSH correlated positively with fasting serum glucose concentration after BMI and age correction. Conclusions: Certain metabolic parameters appeared to correlate with POI and these correlations persisted after correction for BMI and age. More research is required to determine the influence of absent ovulatory function on metabolic profiles in POI women. This information may additionally help in early identification of CVD risk factors in those patients.

Highlights

Premature ovarian insufficiency is defined as the loss of ovarian function before the age of 40 years
Women in the Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) group had significantly higher serum total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations when compared to healthy controls
After correction using the logistic model of regression analysis, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) serum concentrations were shown to be significantly higher in the POI group, when compared to healthy subjects

Summary

Introduction

Premature ovarian insufficiency is defined as the loss of ovarian function before the age of 40 years. It is a state of female hypogonadism associated with amenorrhea, increased levels of gonadotropins, and hypoestrogenism [1,2]. POI patients often present several risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease: Autonomic and endothelial dysfunction, abnormal lipid profile, and insulin dysfunction. As a result, they are at higher risk of metabolic syndrome development [9,10]. Several studies have been performed to examine the metabolic profile in women affected by POI; results are conflicting [10]

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