Abstract
As a barrier, gut commensal microbiota can protect against potential pathogenic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. Crosstalk between gut microbes and immune cells promotes human intestinal homeostasis. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of many human metabolic disorders like obesity, hepatic steatohepatitis, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Certain microbes, such as butyrate-producing bacteria, are lower in T2D patients. The transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome, but the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. H. pylori in the human stomach cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers. H. pylori infection also induces insulin resistance and has been defined as a predisposing factor to T2D development. Gastric and fecal microbiota may have been changed in H. pylori-infected persons and mice to promote gastric inflammation and specific diseases. However, the interaction of H. pylori and gut microbiota in regulating host metabolism also remains unknown. Further studies aim to identify the H. pylori-microbiota-host metabolism axis and to test if H. pylori eradication or modification of gut microbiota can improve the control of human metabolic disorders.
Highlights
The human gut, including the stomach and intestine, is inhabited by a vast number of microorganisms that host microbiota [1]
Metabolic changes are associated with the diversity of gut microbiota. These studies indicate that the homeostasis and systemic metabolism between gut microbiota and the host may be altered by H. pylori
This review article focused on the metabolic interaction between gut microbiota and H. pylori, as well as the related consequences of such interaction on the host’s health
Summary
The human gut, including the stomach and intestine, is inhabited by a vast number of microorganisms that host microbiota [1]. Researchers have demonstrated that gut microbiota regulate the host immune homeostasis and are related to many human metabolic disorders [7]. The metabolic consequences of H. pylori infection have been reported to change the microbial-origin fatty acid and lipid profiles in host blood [11]. Metabolic changes are associated with the diversity of gut microbiota. Taken together, these studies indicate that the homeostasis and systemic metabolism between gut microbiota and the host may be altered by H. pylori. This review article focused on the metabolic interaction between gut microbiota and H. pylori, as well as the related consequences of such interaction on the host’s health
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