Abstract
Studies investigating the potential link between adult pre-menopausal obesity [as measured by body mass index (BMI)] and triple-negative breast cancer have been inconsistent. Recent studies show that BMI is not an exact measure of metabolic health; individuals can be obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) and metabolically healthy or lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and metabolically unhealthy. Consequently, there is a need to better understand the molecular signaling pathways that might be activated in individuals that are metabolically unhealthy and how these signaling pathways may drive biologically aggressive breast cancer. One key driver of both type-2 diabetes and cancer is insulin. Insulin is a potent hormone that activates many pathways that drive aggressive breast cancer biology. Here, we review (1) the controversial relationship between obesity and breast cancer, (2) the impact of insulin on organs, subcellular components, and cancer processes, (3) the potential link between insulin-signaling and cancer, and (4) consider time points during breast cancer prevention and treatment where insulin-signaling could be better controlled, with the ultimate goal of improving overall health, optimizing breast cancer prevention, and improving breast cancer survival.
Highlights
IntroductionWe review [1] the controversial relationship between obesity and breast cancer, [2] the impact of insulin on organs, subcellular components, and cancer processes, [3] the potential link between insulin-signaling and cancer, and [4] consider time points during breast cancer prevention and treatment where insulin-signaling could be better controlled, with the ultimate goal of improving overall health, optimizing breast cancer prevention, and improving breast cancer survival
Reviewed by: Songhai Chen, The University of Iowa, United States Yong-Moon Park, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), United States
Results of this study provide evidence increased adiposity was associated with a reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer at a greater magnitude than previously shown and across the entire distribution of body mass index (BMI)
Summary
We review [1] the controversial relationship between obesity and breast cancer, [2] the impact of insulin on organs, subcellular components, and cancer processes, [3] the potential link between insulin-signaling and cancer, and [4] consider time points during breast cancer prevention and treatment where insulin-signaling could be better controlled, with the ultimate goal of improving overall health, optimizing breast cancer prevention, and improving breast cancer survival. We aim to review [1] the controversial relationship between obesity and breast cancer, [2] the impact of insulin on organs, subcellular components, and cancer processes, Metabolic Health, Insulin, Breast Cancer [3] the potential link between insulin-signaling and cancer, and [4] consider time points during breast cancer prevention and treatment where insulin-signaling could be better controlled, with the ultimate goal of improving overall health, optimizing breast cancer prevention, and improving breast cancer survival
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