Metabolic engineering of fatty acids for breeding of new oilseed crops: strategies, problems and first results

Abstract

Abbreviations: ACP = acyl carrier protein. – ACS = acyl-CoA synthase. – ARA = arachidonic acid. – CLA = conjugated linoleic acid. – CPT = CDP-choline :1,2-diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase. – DAGAT = acyl-CoA :1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase. – DHA = docosahexaenoic acid. – EPA = eicosapentaenoic acid. – ER = endoplasmic reticulum. – FAE = fatty acid elongase. – FAR = acyl-CoA reductase. – GLA = γ-linolenic acid. – GPAT = acyl-CoA : glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase. – HEAR = high-erucic acid rapeseed. – KAS = β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase. – KCS = β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase. – LPAAT = acyl-CoA : lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase. – LPCAT = acyl-CoA : lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase. – MCF = medium-chain fatty acids. – mRNAi = antisense messenger ribonucleic acid containing inverted-repeat sequences. – PC = phosphatidylcholine. – PDAT = phospholipid : 1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase. – PLA2 = phospholipase A2. – TAG = triacylglycerol. – VLCPUFA = very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. – WS = wax synthase