Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss an important component—arachidonic acid (AA) cascade of inflammatory reaction in diabetic rats with cerebral ischemia. Using the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), we have compared the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and measured the levels of their products prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2) and cysteine-containing leukotrienes (cys-LTs) after different reperfusion periods in diabetic and normal rats. Cerebral ischemia–reperfusion was accompanied by increased expression of COX-2 and release of PGE 2, peaking at 12 h after reperfusion. The expression of COX-2 was maintained at a high level until 24 h after reperfusion, while the levels of PGE 2 were declined rapidly to baseline. The expression of 5-LOX and levels of cys-LTs reached a peak at 6 and 12 h after reperfusion, respectively, and was returned to baseline at 24 h after reperfusion. Compared with normal rats, the expression of COX-2 and 5-LOX as well as release of PGE 2 and cys-LTs was elevated in the brains of diabetic rats, revealing a possible mechanism for hyperglycemia-mediated aggravation of cerebral ischemic injury. A reduction of arachidonic acid metabolites mediated by inhibitors of its metabolites could be helpful in preventing ischemic brain injury in diabetic rats.
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