Metabolic and IL-6-Induced Inflammatory Responses in High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise among Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Sarcopenia

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) on features of immunometabolism by comparing elderly female sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia in elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes (T2MD). Differences in metabolism and inflammatory responses between the two groups were compared. Methods: 6 elderly female sarcopenia patients with T2MD served as sarcopenia group, and 7 elderly female non-sarcopenia patients with T2MD served as control subjects. Using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to the subjects’ body fat compositions was measured. All subjects underwent three high-intensity Wingate tests at 5-minute intervals, and peak and average power during each Wingate trial were recorded. Blood samples were collected immediately after the test was completed. Peripheral blood levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, which is related to mitosis, were measured in both groups before and after HIIE by ELISA. Results: The non-sarcopenia group had a higher metabolic rate than the sarcopenia group. Sarcopenia had no significant effect on the differences in the IL-6 inflammatory response (p = 0.430). Conclusion: The metabolic energy and rate during HIIE differed between the two groups. Non-sarcopenia group exhibited higher metabolic levels. No significant difference between groups was observed in the IL-6 inflammatory response during HIIE.