Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are generated during the processes of photosynthesis and nitrate reduction, which can compromise the integrity of biomolecules and membranes. During the vegetative phase of Fabaceae species, around half of translocated carbohydrate is used for nodule growth, while the other half returns to the aerial part with nitrogen incorporated. These sugars may be yet involved with membrane stabilization, signaling, and activation of important genetic pathways for plant development. Thus, the aim was to study the adjustments of the photosynthetic and antioxidant systems and the accumulation of carbohydrates and biomass in Glycine–Bradyrhizobium cultivated with nitrate (NO3−). Four treatments were evaluated in completely randomized blocks. Glycine–Bradyrhizobium was grown with 1.7 mM of NO3− (GB: 1.7 mM NO3−) and without NO3− (GB: 0 mM NO3−), and Glycine was grown with 1.7 mM of NO3− (G: 1.7 mM NO3−) and without NO3− (G: 0 mM NO3−). Glycine–Bradyrhizobium symbiosis contributes to photosynthetic metabolism and total sugars, reduces the action of antioxidant enzymes, and minimizes the use of nitrate in soybean cultivation.; Glycine–Bradyrhizobium with nitrate provided greater plant dry mass in the vegetative phase, along with increased enzymatic activity and reduced nodule mass.
Highlights
Symbiosis with rhizobia, bacteria present in the soil that can infect plants, forming root nodules and providing atmospheric nitrogen (N) in the form of NH3+, is an important ecophysiological characteristic of soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and other species of Fabaceae.Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium are the most common genera in symbiotic association with Fabaceae crops [1].The conversion of nitrogen gas via symbiotic fixation is catalyzed by the nitrogenase enzyme [2]
Biomolecules are exchanged in symbiosis, with the plant providing, via phloem, essential carbohydrates for the development and metabolism of rhizobia, which in turn provide, via the xylem, nitrogen compounds for plant protein synthesis [3]
For legumes associated with rhizobia, the carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis are used by bacteria [5]
Summary
Bacteria present in the soil that can infect plants, forming root nodules and providing atmospheric nitrogen (N) in the form of NH3+, is an important ecophysiological characteristic of soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and other species of Fabaceae.Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium are the most common genera in symbiotic association with Fabaceae crops [1].The conversion of nitrogen gas via symbiotic fixation is catalyzed by the nitrogenase enzyme [2]. Bacteria present in the soil that can infect plants, forming root nodules and providing atmospheric nitrogen (N) in the form of NH3+, is an important ecophysiological characteristic of soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and other species of Fabaceae. Biomolecules are exchanged in symbiosis, with the plant providing, via phloem, essential carbohydrates for the development and metabolism of rhizobia, which in turn provide, via the xylem, nitrogen compounds for plant protein synthesis [3]. The processes of nitrogen fixation and assimilation demand chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH + H+). Carbonic skeletons, derived from photosynthesis, are important in nitrogen assimilation since, when incorporating NH3+, they form amino acids [4]. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate synthesis and the fixation and assimilation of nitrogen require ATP and NADPH + H+, which implies competition for these resources between carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. For legumes associated with rhizobia, the carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis are used by bacteria [5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
