Abstract
The human microbiota is formed under the influence of external factors, among which a healthy diet plays a key role. The modern people microbiome changes under human eating behavior, stressful factors, agricultural industrialization, increased environmental load, and alimentary disease risks. The human gut microbiome is recognized as the most important biological interface between human genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Nutrition science is entering a new era of targeted action on the body's metabolic activity through the formation of a healthy microbiome, taking into account men individual nutritional characteristics. The paper presents the design of healthy food product technologies, the molecular concept of food engineering and molecular gastronomy, their relationship with traditional cooking and modern cuisine. Much attention is paid to the description of main components and directions of modern molecular gastronomy development, innovative technologies, and ingredients. The role of dietary fibers, prebiotics and probiotics for the normalization of gastrointestinal tract is indicated from the position of the adequate nutrition theory. Some scientific studies on probiotic and metabiotic effects on gut microbiome are described. Modern advances in food biotechnology allow us to obtain symbiotic microbiological culture consortia for new healthy food product manufacture including molecular gastronomy technologies.
Highlights
According to genetic researches of the Israeli scientists [1], up to 98 % of the human microbiota is formed under the influence of external factors, among which a healthy diet plays an important role
The molecular concept of food engineering has contributed to the development of molecular gastronomy based on various fields of food science, traditional cooking, and modern cuisine technologies
Definition Probiotics help restore the natural balance of bacteria in your gut when it's been disrupted by an illness or treatment A selectively fermented ingredient that results in specific changes in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota, conferring benefit(s) on the host health Products that contain both probiotics and prebiotics, with conferred health benefits Metabiotics are the structural components of probiotic microorganisms, their metabolites, signaling molecules with a determined chemical structure
Summary
According to genetic researches of the Israeli scientists [1], up to 98 % of the human microbiota is formed under the influence of external factors, among which a healthy diet plays an important role. Every man should regularly eat food enriched with dietary fiber and useful microflora. Such food includes fermented milk products, fermented vegetables, soaked berries and fruits, functional products enriched with probiotics or metabiotics. The purpose of this paper was to study the need to use functional food ingredients of microbial origin in modern molecular gastronomy - an innovative trend in food chemistry and technology. The following questions were studied: role of the human gut microbiota as the most important biological interface between human genetics, environment and lifestyle; the nutrition influence on the human microbiome formation; modern molecular gastronomy development strategies, innovative technologies and ingredients used in healthy food production
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