Meta-analysis of the association between lumican gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to high Myopia.

Miao He,Wenyong Huang,Wei Wang,Dina Ragoonundun

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098748

Abstract

BackgroundsMany studies have evaluated the association between lumican (LUM) gene polymorphisms and high myopia. However, the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between two common LUM polymorphisms (rs3759223 and rs3759222) and the risk of high myopia.MethodsA comprehensive literature search for studies published up until September of 2013 was performed. Data were extracted independently by two investigators, and the weighted Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for the associations were obtained by using a random-effects model.ResultsEight studies (1425cases and 1271 controls) were identified for the analysis of the association between rs3759223 polymorphism and high myopia. The results indicated that rs3759223 polymorphism was associated with high myopia under a recessive model (OR = 1.71, 95%CI 1.04–2.81). Further subgroup analysis indicated that this polymorphism was associated with high myopia among Chinese people in the additive model (OR = 1.17, 95%CI 1.06–1.29) and a recessive model (OR = 1.75, 95%CI 1.00–3.06) with control group coming from hospital based population. Four studies (1024 cases and 1163 controls) were identified for the analysis of the association between rs3759222 polymorphism and high myopia. The results indicated that rs3759222 polymorphism was not associated with high myopia in all genetic models, even the subgroup analysis couldn't provide relative proof to assure the outcome.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that LUM polymorphisms are associated with the risk of high myopia. However, well-designed studies with larger sample sizes and more ethnic groups are required to further validate this association.

Highlights

Myopia is a leading visual problem, with the prevalence of 82% in Asian countries and approximately 16% to 27% in western countries [1,2,3]
High myopia differs from normal myopia in the increased possibility of various terrible accompanying complications, including chorioretinal degeneration, retinal detachment, and glaucoma [5]
Further subgroup analysis indicated that this polymorphism was associated with high myopia in the population of mainland of China and HB subgroups (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

Myopia is a leading visual problem, with the prevalence of 82% in Asian countries and approximately 16% to 27% in western countries [1,2,3]. The public health impact, along with the associated costs of optical correction, is substantial. Myopic eyes with long axial lengths ($26 mm) or high degrees of myopic refractive error (#26 D) are classified as high myopia [4]. The prevalence of high myopia is about 0.95% in China. High myopia differs from normal myopia in the increased possibility of various terrible accompanying complications, including chorioretinal degeneration, retinal detachment, and glaucoma [5]. High myopia is considered the fourth most common cause of irreversible blindness [1,6]. It is important to elucidate the pathological mechanisms underlying high myopia

Methods

Results

Conclusion