Meta-analysis of related factors of impulse control disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease

Abstract

BackgroundTo explore the related factors of impulse control disorders (ICDs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search to identify studies on impulse control disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease. The related factors were compared to discriminate between PD patients with ICDs (PD-ICDs+)and PD patients without ICDs(PD-ICDs-)by a meta-analysis. Results96 full-texts were assessed, and 15 were included (PD-ICDs+: 999; PD-ICDs-: 3507). The results showed that PD-ICDs + were significantly associated with younger age (SMD =-0.39, 95% CI: −0.50 – −0.28, P < 0.01), male sex(OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.34–2.02, P < 0.01), smoking habit(OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.16–4.47,P = 0.02), dopamine receptor agonist use(DA use) (OR = 3.41, 95% CI: 1.86–6.26,P < 0.01), dopamine receptor agonist equivalent daily dose(DA LEDD) (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.14 – 0.70,P = 0.003), levodopa equivalent daily dose(total LEDD) (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.14 – 0.49,P < 0.01), and amantadine use(OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.67–3.06,P < 0.01). While levodopa dose (SMD = 0.05, 95% CI: −0.09 –0.19,P = 0.48), Hoehn and Yahr stage(H & Y stage) (SMD =-0.05, 95% CI: −0.14 – 0.04,P = 0.27), MDS-UPDRS Part III score(UPDRS III score) (SMD =−0.05, 95% CI: −0.13 – 0.03,P = 0.24), PD duration (SMD =−0.23, 95% CI: 0.10 – 0.37,P < 0.01)and Mini-Mental Status Examination score (MMSE score) (SMD = 0.10, 95% CI: −0.11 – 0.31,P = 0.33)were not related with PD-ICDs+. ConclusionOur study confirmed the previous results that younger age, male gender, smoking habit, longer PD duration, DA use, DA LEDD, total LEDD were high risk factors of PD-ICDs+.