Abstract
Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) has attracted more and more attention in many sectors of society. As a critical component in these systems, wearable antennas suffer from several serious challenges, e.g., electromagnetic coupling between the human body and the antennas, different physical deformations, and widely varying operating environments, and thus, advanced design methods and techniques are urgently needed to alleviate these limitations. Recent developments have focused on the application of metamaterials in wearable antennas, which is a prospective area and has unique advantages. This article will review the key progress in metamaterial-based antennas for WBAN applications, including wearable antennas involved with composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH TLs), wearable antennas based on metasurfaces, and reconfigurable wearable antennas based on tunable metamaterials. These structures have resulted in improved performance of wearable antennas with minimal effects on the human body, which consequently will result in more reliable wearable communication. In addition, various design methodologies of meta-wearable antennas are summarized, and the applications of wearable antennas by these methods are discussed.
Highlights
The emergence of the Internet has brought about tremendous changes in the communication of human
Cheng et al designed a patch loaded with a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR), which is fabricated on a flexible substrate and folded in a cylindrical shape, inductance in the equivalent circuit of a conventional transmission line, and the effective permittivity of the unit cell is negative
A wearable reconfigurable antenna with artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure consisting of a folded slot and a stub proposed in [107]
Summary
The emergence of the Internet has brought about tremendous changes in the communication of human. Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is one of the emerging technologies that is capable of enabling the communication between people and things. An important application of WBAN is in healthcare, where the body area network can transmit physiological information obtained from patients through various physiological sensors, such as blood pressure, blood sugar concentration, temperature, weight, and heartbeat [1,8,9,10] to the hospital’s medical monitoring equipment or the user’s personal mobile terminal [11].
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