Abstract
Background & Aim:The risk factors in acquiring genital co-infections associated with HIV infection still present many questions. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of genital infection among HIV-infected and uninfected women.Methods:We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Scielo for the relevant studies up until October 2017. Data were collected from the included studies and methodologically assessed. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using fixed or random-effects models.Results:Thirty-six articles involving 23,863 women with retroviruses were included. HIV-infected women were significantly more diagnosed with the following genital infections:Herpes simplexvirus type 2 (HSV-2) (OR 3.70; 95% CI: 2.42–5.65),Neisseria gonorrhoeae(GC) (OR 4.18; 95% CI: 2.15-8.13),Chlamydia trachomatis(CT) (OR 2.25; 95% CI: 1.20-4.23) and Human papillomavirus (HPV) (OR 3.99, 95% CI: 3.35-4.75). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 0.91-1.30),Candida sp. (OR 1.51; 95% CI: 0.71-3.25),Treponema pallidum(OR 1.56; 95% CI: 1.00-2.45) andTrichomonas vaginalis(OR 1.00; 95% CI: 0.47-2.15).Conclusion:The prevalence of HPV, HSV-2, GC and CT genital infection was significantly higher among HIV-positive women.
Highlights
The microflora of healthy vaginal mucosa is typically dominated by the Lactobacillus species, which serve as an important natural barrier against infection [1]
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected women were significantly more diagnosed with the following genital infections: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Human papillomavirus (HPV)
There was no significant difference in the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis, Candida sp., Treponema pallidum and Trichomonas vaginalis
Summary
The microflora of healthy vaginal mucosa is typically dominated by the Lactobacillus species, which serve as an important natural barrier against infection [1]. Analysis of The Prevalence of Genital Infections. The Open AIDS Journal, 2018, Volume 12 137 lactobacillus and a decrease in the prevalence of gonorrhea, bacterial vaginosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection [2, 3]. Many epidemiological studies have highlighted the increase in the prevalence of genital infection in certain sub-populations of women. There have been fewer publications addressing the changing epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) among women, and these publications have demonstrated that the risk of STD has significantly increased among HIV-positive women [4]. The risk factors in acquiring genital co-infections associated with HIV infection still present many questions. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of genital infection among HIV-infected and uninfected women
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