Meta-analysis of the curative effect of sacral nerve magnetic stimulation on neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury.

Abstract

The curative effect of sacral nerve magnetic stimulation on the neurogenic bladder (NB) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is unclear. This study made a meta-analysis of the curative effect of sacral nerve magnetic stimulation on the NB after SCI and put forward a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of this disease. The databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and CBM were searched by computer, and the randomized controlled trials of sacral nerve magnetic stimulation in the treatment of NB after SCI were collected. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to September 25, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed with Stata 15.0 software. This study finally included 10 articles, including 537 patients. Meta-analysis shows that the sacral nerve magnetic stimulation treatment group can effectively improve urodynamics: the maximum bladder capacity increases (mean difference [MD], 40.76 [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.24-48.28]; P ˂ .05), the bladder capacity increases at the beginning of urination (MD, 12.82 [95% CI, 11.02-14.62]; P ˂ .05), and the residual urine volume decreases (MD, -38.08 [95% CI, -51.36 to -24.79]; P˂.05). In the aspect of urination diary, the sacral nerve magnetic stimulation treatment group also has advantages compared with the conventional treatment group: the increase in single urine volume (MD, 22.49 [95% CI, 18.68-26.30]; P˂.05), the maximum urine volume (MD, 32.84 [95% CI, 22.37-43.30]; P˂.05), and the decrease in urination times (MD, -2.23 [95% CI, -3.13 to -1.33]; P˂.05). After the treatment of sacral nerve magnetic stimulation, the quality of life of patients can be improved: quality-of-life score (MD, -0.62 [95% CI, -0.91 to -0.34]; P˂.05). Combined with functional magnetic stimulation of the sacral nerve, routine treatment is superior to routine treatment in improving the clinical symptoms of patients with NB after SCI.