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Abstract
Objectives: To identify the main risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction by Meta-analysis, and provide references for the effective prevention of the cognitive impairment in stroke patients. Methods: To retrieve the observational research literatures that refer to the risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke, which are published on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu Chinese databases. The screening and data extraction of these literatures are independently completed by two researchers, who also give the quality evaluation of the literatures according to the evaluation criterion of the Australian JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Center. Then, Meta-analysis is conducted by using Revman5.3 software. Results: There are twenty-eight articles selected from 1507 literatures, with a total of 10,711 cases and 50 risk factors included. Among them, there are combined effects of ten factors which have statistical significance, such as infarction area, alcohol consumption, smoking, hyper homocysteinemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age, history of cerebral infarction, hyperlipoidemia and education level. The relational merging OR value and 95% CI between the type-variable factors and cognitive impairment are 3.25 (1.84, 5.76); 2.98 (2.58, 3.45); 2.79 (1.69, 4.59); 2.35 (1.93, 2.85); 2.25 (1.86, 2.71); 2.14 (2.10, 2.18); 1.82 (1.62, 2.03); 1.54 (1.24, 1.92); 1.45 (1.34, 1.56); 0.83 (0.78, 0.89). Conclusion: Infarction area, alcohol consumption, smoking, hyper homocysteinemia, hypertension, diabetesmellitus, age, history of cerebral infarction, hyperlipoidemia and low education level are the main risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Clinical nursing staff should include it into the routine assessment of patients with acute cerebral infarction and actively prevent and intervene.
Highlights
Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) is a major clinical syndrome with varying degrees of cognitive dysfunction [1]
To retrieve the observational research literatures that refer to the risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke, which are published on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu Chinese databases
The merged results are OR = 3.25, 95% CI (1.84, 5.76), P < 0.0001, I2 = 0% (Figure 1), which reflect that the infarct size is highly correlated with VCI and is a risk factor for VCI in patients; 10 articles having reported the association of alcohol consumption and VCI, 7 are eligible for meta-analysis
Summary
Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) is a major clinical syndrome with varying degrees of cognitive dysfunction [1]. These symptoms are caused by risk factors of cerebrovascular diseases, various obvious or not obvious cerebrovascular diseases. There are many studies on the risk factors of VCI in cerebral infarction, the results are still inconsistent. In the view of the above reasons, the study intends to summarize the vital risk factors of VCI in patients with acute cerebral infarction, using the meta-analysis to analyze the data from those high-quality research literatures extracted and integrated from the documents published, so as to provide scientific guidance for the clinical nursing and prevention
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