Meta-analysis of risk factors for carotid plaque formation in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of carotid artery plaque formation in type 2 diabetes mellitus in China through meta-analysis. Methods: The literature on the risk factors of carotid plaque formation in type 2 diabetes mellitus in China was retrieved from China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), Wanfang Digital Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), VIP journal Resource integration Service platform (VIP) and PubMed database. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS) used the most comprehensive case-control trial data collection to evaluate the quality of the literature excerpts combined with inclusion and exclusion criteria.Literatures with scores ≥7 were included in the study, and finally meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan5.4. Results: 32 literatures met the inclusion criteria, and the cumulative number of cases and controls were 5710 and 5405, respectively. The results of meta-analysis showed that the risk factors of carotid plaque formation in type 2 diabetes mellitus in China were as follows: Triglyceride (TG) (OR= 2.74, 95%CI: 2.25-3.33), total cholesterol (TC) (OR=2.50, 95%CI: 2.22-2.83), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (OR=1.41, 95%CI:1.33 ~ 1.50), history of hypertension (OR=2.03, 95%CI:1.69 ~ 2.44), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (OR=1.64, 95%CI:1.31 ~ 2.06), age (OR=1.12, 95%CI:1.09 ~ 1.14), diabetes duration (OR=1.04, 95%CI:1.03 ~ 1.06), smoking (OR=1.30, 95%CI:1.18 ~ 1.44), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR=1.04, 95%CI:1.02 ~ 1.05). Conclusion: TG, TC, HbA1c, hypertension history, LDL-C, age, diabetes course, smoking and SBP are independent risk factors for carotid plaque formation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Smoking cessation, balanced diet, prevention and active treatment of hypertension have great significance for the formation of carotid plaque in type 2 diabetes mellitus.