Abstract
Background: As with other complications of diabetes mellitus, the occurrence of dry mouth can lead to a poor quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of xerostomia in patients with diabetes mellitus through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Results: After the screening process, 23 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the incidence of dry mouth was investigated in 1979 people with diabetes (cases) and 1225 controls. The global prevalence of diabetes in xerostomia was 42.22% (95% CI: 33.97%-50.92%). In the analysis by specific subtype, the overall prevalence was 37.42% (95% CI: 22.33%-55.44%) among individuals with Type 1 diabetes and 46.09% (95% CI: 23.99%-69.85%) among those with type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of xerostomia found in Asia (49.01%; 95% CI: 32.08%-66.16%) was higher than that found in Europe (40.04%; 95% CI: 29.58%-51.50%) and America (38.39%; 95% CI: 23.63%-55.65%). Analysis of the case-control studies showed a statistically significant association between xerostomia and diabetes mellitus (OR=3.15; 95% CI: 2.11-4.70; p<0.001). Conclusion: Through the data collected, we can infer that the prevalence of xerostomia in individuals affected by diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2 was high and independent of geographic location.
Highlights
Recent studies show that non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCD) are a major threat to the health of the population, accounting for 60.3% of all deaths in the world in 2008 [1]
Through the data collected, we can infer that the prevalence of xerostomia in individuals affected by diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2 was high and independent of geographic location
In Brazil, which is fourth among the 10 countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes, the number of people with diabetes is projected to increase from 11.9 to 19.2 million in the same period [2]. These projections corroborate the data found in a national survey conducted in 2008, which noted that diabetes mellitus has been the chronic disease with the highest growth (37%) since 2003 [3]
Summary
Recent studies show that non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCD) are a major threat to the health of the population, accounting for 60.3% of all deaths in the world in 2008 [1]. In Brazil, which is fourth among the 10 countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes, the number of people with diabetes is projected to increase from 11.9 to 19.2 million in the same period [2] These projections corroborate the data found in a national survey conducted in 2008, which noted that diabetes mellitus has been the chronic disease with the highest growth (37%) since 2003 [3]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diabetes mellitus consists of a disturbance in the production and/or action of insulin [4] This hormone deficiency leads to hyperglycemia, often associated with dysfunction, damage and failure of various organs [5, 6]. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of xerostomia in patients with diabetes mellitus through a systematic review and meta-analysis
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