Abstract
Burnout, a reaction to chronic emotional stress, affects health and reduces the quality of service. Reportedly, healthcare professionals are especially vulnerable to burnout. This meta-analysis is aimed at examining the factors associated with occupational therapists' burnout. The results of 2,430 occupational therapists, across 17 peer-reviewed English articles, the most recent published in 2020, were analysed. Results revealed significant associations between related variables and burnout. Marital status, work field, and work hours, job challenges, patient age, position, turnover intention, working type, and work addiction showed significant positive correlation effect sizes in relation to burnout, whereas age, education, engagement, job satisfaction, personal identity, professional identity, rewards, and feeling valued showed significant negative correlation effect sizes. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that strategies to reduce occupational therapists' burnout need to consider organizational as well as psychological aspects.
Highlights
As the quality of services provided in hospitals and the demand for patient satisfaction increase, so are the organizational efforts to control emotional expression when providing services
A total of 344 articles were identified, which were reviewed according to the following selection criteria: first, study participants were occupational therapists; second, the dependent variable was burnout; third, article was published in academic journals; fourth, article provided necessary data for calculating the effect size; fifth, article was published in English
This study found that occupational therapists’ job satisfaction was linked to a positive perception of the therapeutic effect, associated with productivity and efficiency in their treatment behaviour; low job satisfaction showed effects of increased helplessness and loss of motivation experienced in the job
Summary
As the quality of services provided in hospitals and the demand for patient satisfaction increase, so are the organizational efforts to control emotional expression when providing services As a result, such efforts can bring about conflict between the emotional labour of the members of the organization and the role they play and may lead to burnout by reinforcing a negative attitude toward the job and organization [1,2,3]. Burnout is a reaction to chronic emotional stress, which affects health and reduces the quality of service [9,10,11] It causes various problems such as absenteeism and turnover, lower productivity, and lower job satisfaction and organizational commitment, which are important components of job attitude [12,13,14]
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