Abstract
The Mesopotamia, and particularly the Paranaense Forest, is briefly pictured regarding its geographical characteristics, weather, economical activities, fauna, and flora. In the reductions or missions settled by the Jesuits (San Ignacio Mini, Nuestra Senora de Santa Ana, Nuestra Senora de Loreto, Nuestra Senora de la Candelaria, Santa Maria la Mayor, Corpus Christi, Santos Apostoles Pedro y Pablo, San Jose, San Javier de Yaguaraities, Nuestra Senora de la Concepcion, Santos Martires), in the province of MIS, the species of Ilex were cultured and commercialized for the first time. The species Cecropia pachystachya Trecul (Cecropiaceae), Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul, Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil var. paraguariensis, Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex DC.) Standl., Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. & Cambess.) Hieron. ex Niederl., Passiflora caerulea L., Blechnum occidentale L., and Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek that grow in the Paranaense Forest are described in terms of their botanical characteristics, ethnomedical uses, chemicals, biological activity, toxicity, and establishment of in vitro cultures and legal status, when corresponding.
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