Abstract
Propylsulfonic acid derivatised SBA-15 catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic performance and water tolerance for the upgrading of a model pyrolysis bio-oilviaacetic acid esterification with benzyl alcohol in toluene.
Highlights
Technologies to utilise renewable resources for the sustainable production of transportation fuels and chemicals is of great current interest due to growing concerns over the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and associated climate change.[1]
Propylsulfonic acid derivatised SBA-15 catalysts have been prepared by post modification of SBA-15 with mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) for the upgrading of a model pyrolysis bio-oil via acetic acid esterification with benzyl alcohol in toluene
Successful synthesis of the parent SBA-15 mesoporous silica support, which possesses a characteristic p6mm space group, and its retention following sulfonate grafting was first confirmed by low angle XRD and nitrogen adsorption isotherms shown in Fig. 1 and S1† respectively.[33,36]
Summary
Technologies to utilise renewable resources for the sustainable production of transportation fuels and chemicals is of great current interest due to growing concerns over the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and associated climate change.[1]. Catalytic esterification of acetic acid has been previously investigated with a range of alcohols, notably methanol and ethanol which do not occur at any significant concentration in pyrolysis bio-oils, and must derive from an additional external carbon source, impacting upon the overall process sustainability.[14,17,18,19] If a continuous process were to operate via reactive distillation, it would be desirable for both water and the ester is removed continuously to drive the equilibria to completion. Catalyst formulation and the impact of reaction conditions are optimised for maximal activity and ester yield and significantly outperform commercial solid acid catalysts
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