Abstract
The valorization of black liquor, a by-product produced in considerable quantities from the paper manufacturing processes, has demonstrated the effectiveness of thermal reconversion into pyrolysis gas, bio-oil, and bio-char, a sustainable approach placing the feedstock into a circular economy concept. The present study focused on developing disposal solutions through energy recovery via pyrolysis at 300 °C and 450 °C when lignite and nanomaterials (such as Cu-Zn-MCM-41, Ni-SBA-3, or Ni-SBA16) were used as catalysts. The results were compared to those of non-catalytic pyrolysis. The use of the Cu-Zn-MCM-41 catalyst proved to be efficient for pyrolysis gas production, reaching 55.22 vol% CH4. The increase in the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas was associated with the use of the Cu-Zn-MCM-41, showing a value of 42.23 MJ/m3 compared to that of the non-catalytic process, which yielded 39.56 MJ/m3. The bio-oil resulting from the pyrolysis with Cu-Zn-MCM-41 showed the highest energy value at 6457 kcal/kg compared to that obtained with the other two nanocatalysts, Ni-SBA-3 and Ni-SBA-16, as well as that of the raw material, which had a value of 3769 kcal/kg. The analysis of bio-char revealed no statistically significant differences when comparing the outcomes from using the various nanocatalysts, suggesting their minimal impact on the energy content.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
