Mesoporous silica nano-adjuvant triggers pro-inflammatory responses in Caco-2/peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) co-cultures.

Formulation development and characterization of luliconazole loaded−mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MCM−48) as topical hydrogel for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) with tunable physical and surface properties would find application in various biotechnological and biomedical fields. In this study, a series of MSN with varied physical properties were synthesized via liquid crystal templating (LCT) mechanism by varying the molar concentrations of the reagents. Characterization of the prepared materials was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The particle sizes, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore sizes, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas and BJH total pore volume were tuned between 50 to 900 nm, 2.4 to 4.4 nm, 589 to 1163 m2g-1 and 0.61 to 0.83 cm3g-1, respectively. The effects of reagents concentrations in the variation of the properties were discussed. The study demonstrated the versatility of the liquid-based synthesis method in the preparation of MSN with different physical properties. Key words: Mesoporous silica nanoparticles, physical properties, tuning, synthesis.

Non-nuke HIV-1 inhibitor shuttled by mesoporous silica nanoparticles effectively slows down HIV-1 replication in infected human cells

Spherical mesoporous silica nanoparticles for loading and release of the poorly water-soluble drug telmisartan

In the plant innate immune system, pattern recognition receptor (PRR) and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins recognize pathogens and activate defenses. To prevent excessive immune responses that could affect growth, plants regulate PRRs and NLRs at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Poised or bivalent chromatin states, marked by the simultaneous presence of active and repressive epigenetic modifications, maintain genes in a transcriptionally primed state, keeping their expression low while enabling their rapid activation in response to stress. Here, we investigated how poised chromatin states regulate PRR and NLR genes in soybean (Glycine max). Our integrative epigenomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed that although NLR and PRR genes both harbor abundant active and repressive histone modifications and exhibit high chromatin accessibility, their basal expression levels remain relatively low. Moreover, clustered NLR and PRR genes residing within the same topologically associating domains shared similar chromatin states and expression dynamics, suggesting coordinated control. These gene families had distinct epigenetic features: NLR genes displayed narrow H3K27me3 peaks together with strong pausing of RNA Polymerase II at their 5′ ends, whereas PRR genes were characterized by broader H3K27me3 peaks. Together, our results shed light on the role of poised chromatin states in coordinating growth and defense responses in soybean.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-025-00233-4.

Biphasic synthesis of colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles using primary amine catalysts

Identification of pattern recognition receptor genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytes as biomarkers for the diagnosis of lupus nephritis

Silica nanoparticle surface chemistry: An important trait affecting cellular biocompatibility in two and three dimensional culture systems

Mesoporous silica (MPS) nanoparticle was prepared as carriers for drug delivery systems by sol–gel method from sodium silicate as inexpensive precursor of silica and Cocamidopropyl betaine (CABP) as template. The silica particles were characterized by SEM, TEM, AFM, XRD, and N2adsorption–desorption isotherms. The results show that the MPS particle in the nanorange (40-80 nm ) with average diameter equal to 62.15 nm has rods particle morphology, specific surface area is 1096.122 m2/g, pore volume 0.900 cm3/g, with average pore diameter 2.902 nm, which can serve as efficient carriers for drugs. The adsorption kinetic of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) drug was studied and the data were analyzed and found to match well with pseudo-first order kinetic model. The CIP drug-loaded mesoporous silica (CIP-mSiO2) nanoparticles has capacity of about 16.3 mg drug/ mg mSiO2 were achieved, and capable of releasing 26% and 98.6% of their drug content after 90 min in water and PBS solution(pH,7.4) respectively. In-vitro controlled release studies of CIP in Simulated Body Fluid were carried out under stirring conditions. A study on release kinetics and mechanism using Koresmeyer-Pepps model, first order kinetic, and kopcha model shows that the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Kopcha models, both conform more closely to the release data.

Structural and evolutionary characteristics of pores-microfractures and their influence on coalbed methane exploitation in high-rank brittle tectonically deformed coals of the Yangquan mining area, northeastern Qinshui basin, China

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) offer unique features for drug delivery such as incorporation of a wide variety of cargos as well as functionalization for controlled drug release. The pores of the MSNs can be closed with a cap enabling pH-responsive opening in the endolysosomal compartments of the cells. Additionally, surface functionalization of MSNs allows for cell specific targeting, leading to MSN binding, uptake, and drug release only in the targeted cells. Here, we report the synthesis of MSNs bearing pH-responsive protein caps, functionalized with ligands that specifically bind to the growth factor receptor EGFR, or to the cytokine receptor CCR2, respectively. Our aim was to target lung cancer cells overexpressing EGFR as well as tumor-associated macrophages overexpressing CCR2. The pores of the MSNs were sealed at neutral pH conditions, whereas pH reduction induced stimuli-responsive cargo release in vitro . EGFR-targeted MSNs were preferentially taken up by lung cancer cells that overexpress EGFR, whereas CCR2-targeted MSNs were more uptaken by macrophages compared to CCR2-negative alveolar epithelial cells in vitro . Uptake rates were dependent on the presence of the receptors as assessed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Biodistribution studies revealed that intratracheal application of MSNs resulted in MSN deposition in the alveolar space with preferential uptake in early tumor lesions and macrophages. In contrast, i.v. administration resulted in significant deposition of the MSNs into the liver but not into flank tumors. We currently investigate the combinatorial cytotoxic effects of EGFR- and CCR2- targeted MSNs in lung tumors of Kras mutant mice in vivo .

A H2O2-triggered stimulus response electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for sensitive detection of cancer cells using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) has been proposed. ECL signal-generating molecules (Ru(phen)32+) were encapsulated into phenylboronic acid group-functionalized MSNs (PBA–MSNs) porous and capped by polyhydroxy functioned Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through the interaction of carbohydrate–boronic acid first. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied to characterize the materials. The proposed controlled release sensing platform shows approximately no leakage from the mesoporrs of MSNs after a long time of storage. Cancer cells are initially incubated with the functionalized MSNs and then treated with ascorbic acid to endogenously produce H2O2. Arylboronic esters in the MSNs surface can be oxidized by the produced H2O2, causing the releasing of the molecule from MSNs and increased ECL signal. This technique displayed an excellent measurement for the breast cancer cells’ sensitive diagnosis with a detection limit of 208 cells/mL. The phenomenon suggests that this sensing platform may be potentially applied for breast cancer sensitive detection in the future.

A novel theranostic molecule, derived from curcumin (Cur) and naphthoquinone (NQ), allowing for cancer targeting, detection and treatment was previously described and termed CurNQ. To allow for enhanced theranostic capabilities, advanced drug delivery techniques are required. To this end, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were synthesized and CurNQ was loaded into its pores to form the novel nanosystem MSN_CurNQ. The formation of the nanosystem aimed to augment the drug delivery of CurNQ through the EPR effect and sustained release. Moreover, the loading of CurNQ into its pores, formed a fluorescent nanoparticle that can be tracked, detected and visualized. Herein, the synthesis of a novel nanosystem is described and its theranostic potential are explored in vitro. MSN with an average size of 108 d.nm, a zeta potential of −42 mV and a PDI of 0.150 were synthesized and were impregnated with CurNQ to form the novel nanosystem MSN_CurNQ. MSN_CurNQ was demonstrated to have pH-responsivity whereby after 96 h, at pH 7.4, 31.5% of CurNQ was released from the MSN compared to 57% release at pH 6.8, corresponding to an increase of 25.5% in release with a 0.6 pH drop. The innate fluorescence was then characterized through confocal and fluorescence microscopy. Microscopy images illustrated the distinct, high intensity innate fluorescence with a high background to target ratio, thus confirming detection capabilities and potentially extending MSN_CurNQ’s application to molecular imaging purposes. Moreover, the chemotherapeutic potential of MSN_CurNQ was demonstrated as cell viability was reduced to below 50% in OVCAR-5, CACO-2, CHLA, and MCF-7 cell lines. Furthermore, MSN_CurNQ displayed tumor specific toxicity whereby the cell viability was reduced to a far greater extent in the cancer cell lines compared to a healthy fibroblast cell line (p = 0.000). Indeed, the novel MSN_CurNQ nanosystem has potential for applications in cancer targeting, detection and treatment.

In recent years, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been applied in various biomedicine fields like bioimaging, drug delivery, and antibacterial alternatives. MSNs could be manufactured through green synthetic methods as environmentally friendly and sustainable synthesis approaches, to improve physiochemical characteristics for biomedical applications. In the present research, we used Rutin (Ru) extract, a biocompatible flavonoid, as the reducing agent and nonsurfactant template for the green synthesis of Ag-decorated MSNs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta-potential, x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), brunauer–emmett–teller (BET) analysis, and energy-dispersive system (EDS) spectroscopy were used to evaluate the Ag-decorated MSNs physical characteristics. The antimicrobial properties were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and also different types of candida. The cytotoxicity test was performed by using the MTT assay. Based on the findings, the significant antimicrobial efficacy of Ru-Ag-decorated MSNs against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria and different types of fungi was detected as well as acceptable safety and low cytotoxicity even at lower concentrations. Our results have given a straightforward and cost-effective method for fabricating biodegradable Ag-decorated MSNs. The applications of these MSNs in the domains of biomedicine appear to be promising.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared using sol–gel method. Chitosan-MSNs microspheres scaffold loaded with ciprofloxacin also prepared via an ionotropic gelation method. The prepared samples were characterized using FE-SEM, TEM, FTIR and XRD analysis. The pore volume and mean pore diameter for MSNs was determined by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The in vitro drug test was evaluated by using UV–Vis spectrophotometry at λmax of 275 nm. The estimated (measured) MSNs pore volume and pore diameter were 0.9227 cm3/g and 2.6058 nm, respectively. The Chitosan-MSNs loaded with ciprofloxacin show a spherical surface with good and uniform distribution of the MSNs in the microspheres. The in vitro drug release confirms that the MSNs containing beads shows a retarding release (≈ 90% in 9 h) than beads without MSNs (≈ 90% in 2 h). In the light of these findings, the developed delivery system scaffold holds great potential for bone regeneration by control drug release used in activation osteoblast cells.