Abstract
Pure rutile phase of TiO2(R-TiO2) nanocrystals were synthesized through a low temperature sol-gel synthesis route by tuning the chemical process. This modified process directly resulted in nano spindle structures of rutile TiO2 at the instant of solvent evaporation and which further found exhibiting stabilized growth upon an increase in calcination temperatures as evidenced by XRD and HR-TEM studies. BET surface area measurement revealed the presence of mesoporosity with a highest surface area of 127.25 m2/g for the 300 °C calcinated sample. Photo-luminescence studies revealed the presence of intra-band levels at 2.90 eV and 2.68 eV. XPS studies on the highly porous R-TiO2 reveals the presence of Ti3+ ions, which may arise from the missing of oxygen or self-doping. Highly porous 300ᵒC R-TiO2 exhibited in the flat-band potential of -0.39 V as the normalized value for NHE electrode and resulted in the photocatalytic reduction hierarchy of MB > RhB > MO.
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