Mesoporous Organosilica-Platinum Janus nanomotor coordinated by charge reversal for deep tumor penetration and promoted chemotherapy

Abstract

Enhancing the diffusion capability of nanoparticles through rational engineering is an effective strategy for promoting the penetration of nanotherapeutic systems into tumors. However, the efficiency of diffusion remains inadequate due to the unchanged passive diffusion mode. Nanomotors hold promise for achieving deep tumor permeability due to their self-propelled motility. Developing smart-responsive nanomotor therapeutic systems for long circulation, deep tumor penetration, and well-timed drug release presents significant challenges. Herein, we design and synthesize a kind of nanomotor with charge reversal capability that shifts from negative to positive charge in response to weakly acidic tumor microenvironment on the base of the Janus nanostructure, which consists of the mesoporous organosilica degraded in response to glutathione and asymmetric Pt provided driving force by catalyzing endogenous H2O2 to decompose into O2. The cap-like Janus structure is prepared by a facile adsorption − reduction method. Such a nanomotor can achieve deep tumor penetration by the synergism of charge reversal and self-propelled motion. The drug-loaded nanomotor displays a superior tumor killing effect, which provides a promising strategy for the nano-chemotherapy system with deep penetration ability to break through the limitation of current tumor treatment.