Abstract
Large signals of charged light mesons are observed in the laser-induced particle flux from ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) layers. The mesons are formed in such layers on metal surfaces using < 200 mJ laser pulse-energy. The time variation of the signal to metal foil collectors and the magnetic deflection to a movable pin collector are now studied. Relativistic charged particles with velocity up to 500 MeV u-1 thus 0.75 c are observed. Characteristic decay time constants for meson decay are observed, for charged and neutral kaons and also for charged pions. Magnetic deflections agree with charged pions and kaons. Theoretical predictions of the decay chains from kaons to muons in the particle beam agree with the results. Muons are detected separately by standard scintillation detectors in laser-induced processes in ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) as published previously. The muons formed do not decay appreciably within the flight distances used here. Most of the laser-ejected particle flux with MeV energy is not deflected by the magnetic fields and is thus neutral, either being neutral kaons or the ultra-dense HN(0) precursor clusters. Photons give only a minor part of the detected signals. PACS: 67.63.Gh, 14.40.-n, 79.20.Ds, 52.57.-z.
Highlights
Emission of muons by spontaneous and laser-induced processes in ultra-dense deuterium D (0) [1,2] was recently reported from our group [3,4,5]
Largely the same time dependence is observed by collectors at short and long distances, if the particle velocity is high. This general conclusion is modified by the transverse energy given by the decay processes to the products, which means that some particles do not reach the outer collector
The high-energy protons are only formed by the D + 3He reaction step, which is relatively unlikely and for example not observed in our laserinduced D+D fusion study in D(0) [14]
Summary
Emission of muons by spontaneous and laser-induced processes in ultra-dense deuterium D (0) [1,2] was recently reported from our group [3,4,5]. The observed collector signal in the experiments described here is often due to a fast intermediate particle M which is formed and decays like A ! N. largely the same time dependence is observed by collectors at short and long distances, if the particle velocity is high. Largely the same time dependence is observed by collectors at short and long distances, if the particle velocity is high This general conclusion is modified by the transverse energy given by the decay processes to the products, which means that some particles do not reach the outer collector. In this way the two time constants are combined as required Both these processes are very energetic and it may not always be possible to observe the pion decay from them since the particles may leave the beam. The lifetime for pions is determined from the fits within 1% of the correct value, which indicates that the procedure used is the best for analog results and that it gives correct physical results
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