Abstract
ObjectiveThere is little information regarding the mesiodistal angulation of permanent teeth in mixed dentition. The aim of this study was to evaluate mesiodistal root angulation of permanent incisors, canines and first molars of 100 Brazilian children, using a new horizontal reference plane based on the midpoint of the intercuspation of primary canines and permanent first molars in panoramic radiographs during the mixed-dentition phase. Material and methodsChildren were equally divided between the genders with a mean age of 8.9 years (SD=0.76), normal occlusion and no eruptive disturbances. ResultsThe angulation of the permanent maxillary first molars was close to the vertical, whereas the mandibular molars presented approximately 25 degrees of distal root angulation. The maxillary canines were the most distally angulated teeth, whereas the permanent mandibular canines were vertically positioned. The evaluation of the anterior maxillary area showed vertical position of permanent lateral, and central incisors with a slight distal angulation, whereas the permanent mandibular incisors tended to a mesial radicular convergence. ConclusionsThe proposed reference line could be useful in mixed dentition root angulation evaluation; there was a slight asymmetry in the mesiodistal angulation among homologous teeth, and also a small variation between the male and the female groups, but no difference between 8-and 10-year-old children.
Highlights
Most of the studies relating to the analysis of mixed dentition use plaster casts to evaluate the available space for the eruption of permanent teeth1,7,14
There are few available radiographic studies aimed at predicting the space conditions from mixed to permanent dentition
The study of Ursi, et al.17 (1990) suggested using superior and inferior reference lines for the evaluation of the mesiodistal axial inclination in the panoramic radiographs of adults with permanent dentition, with the superior line passing through the lowest points of the right and left orbits and the inferior line through the centre of the right and the left mental foramina
Summary
Most of the studies relating to the analysis of mixed dentition use plaster casts to evaluate the available space for the eruption of permanent teeth. Determine the position of unerupted teeth, even for ideal space conditions. Radiographs, on the other hand, allow for the simultaneous evaluation of the tooth diameter and intraosseous position. There are few available radiographic studies aimed at predicting the space conditions from mixed to permanent dentition. Most of these studies are restricted to the evaluation of the ectopic eruption of the maxillary canines. Schindel and Duffy (2007) concluded that there is a close relationship between the transverse maxillary discrepancy and SRWHQWLDOO\ LPSDFWHG FDQLQHV ZKLFK FDQ EH LGHQWL¿HG by panoramic radiographs
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