Abstract
This paper presents a novel low-profile microstrip antenna with an omnidirectional radiation pattern for an artillery-launched observation round. The proposed antenna consists of one centered hexagonal patch for a feeding network and six periodic arrays of a trapezoid patch for a radiator. The trapezoid patch is equal to a half-sized hexagonal patch based on geometrical symmetry. A gap-coupled one-hexagonal patch and six trapezoid patches are supported on a nonfundamental TM02 mode for vertically polarized omnidirectional radiation patterns. In addition, a meshed ground structure for the proposed antenna is employed to improve the impedance bandwidth. The thin metal wires that are formed by the meshed ground structure yield six trapezoid slot arrays for the feeding network and three triangular slot arrays for the radiator on the ground plane. To verify the feasibility of the meshed ground structure, the mesh width, denoted by w, was investigated theoretically and optimized carefully to enlarge the impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna. Finally, the proposed antenna, with a mesh width of 0.2 mm, successfully demonstrated excellent monopolar radiation at a resonant frequency of 5.84 GHz, a realized gain of 5.27 dBi, and an impedance bandwidth of 452 MHz from 5.583 GHz to 6.035 GHz with respect to 7.78% at a center frequency of 5.809 GHz.
Highlights
With the rapid development of recent wireless systems, such as radio frequency identification (RFID), Bluetooth, and WLAN, microstrip antennas have been mainly utilized as key components because of their many advantages, such as their light weight, low manufacturing cost, relatively small size, and ease of system integration [1,2,3]
Since the introduction of monopolar microstrip antennas in 1994 [12], various monopolar microstrip antennas have been presented based on the design method of a center-fed circular microstrip patch antenna to realize a nonfundamental resonant mode using more than one wavelength-sized radiator [13,14,15] and zeroth-order resonant antennas with an infinite wavelength resonant mode [16,17,18,19]
We propose a new monopolar hexagonal microstrip antenna with a mesh ground structure for mounting a deployable wing of an artillery-lunched observation round
Summary
With the rapid development of recent wireless systems, such as radio frequency identification (RFID), Bluetooth, and WLAN, microstrip antennas have been mainly utilized as key components because of their many advantages, such as their light weight, low manufacturing cost, relatively small size, and ease of system integration [1,2,3]. The microstrip-based monopole antenna, shows a disadvantage in that it increases the surface drag yield from a terminal moving at high speed because of its mounting direction being perpendicular to the ground surface For this reason, a monopolar microstrip antenna, that is, a low-profile antenna placed horizontally to the ground surface with an omnidirectional radiation pattern, has been spotlighted as a suitable candidate for wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) or in cooperative unmanned aerial. To overcome the large electrical radiator size of the center-fed microstrip antenna and the narrow bandwidth of the zeroth-order resonant antenna, the proposed antenna utilizes a regular hexagonal radiator with a trapezoidal patch resonator arranged on a mesh ground structure. Details on the configuration and an analysis of the reflection coefficients, resonant frequencies, 3-dB fractional bandwidths, electric field distribution, radiation patterns, realized antenna gain, and quality factors (Q-factors) of the proposed antenna are dealt with
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