Abstract
At present, there is no effective way to treat the consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI leads to the death of neural and glial cells and widespread neuroinflammation with persisting for several weeks after the injury. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy is one of the most promising approaches in the treatment of this injury. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression profile of multiple cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and so-called neuromarkers in the serum of an SCI patient treated with autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). SCI resulted in a significant increase in the levels of neuromarkers and proteins involved in the inflammatory process. BM-MSCs administration resulted in significant changes in the levels of neuromarkers (S100, GFAP, and pNF-H) as well as changes in the expression of proteins and growth factors involved in the inflammatory response following SCI in the serum of a patient with traumatic SCI. Our preliminary results encouraged that BM-MSCs with their neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects could affect the repair process after injury.
Highlights
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating process leading to permanent neurological deficits for which there is currently no effective treatment
The blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the bone marrow (BM)-Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-treated patient were analyzed for the presence of the Phosphorylated Neurofilament H (pNF-H), S100 protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) protein
During 1-year follow-up, we did not find any clinically adverse reaction related to the bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) transplantation
Summary
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating process leading to permanent neurological deficits for which there is currently no effective treatment. Secondary changes include disturbance of local ionic concentrations, inflammation, vascular dysfunction through the spinal cord, edema, ischemia, cell apoptosis, excitotoxicity, and demyelination process, accumulation of inhibitory molecules, insufficient trophic factor support, and glial scar formation with a dual role in the pathological process of SCI, both protective and inhibitory [3]. All these processes together impair the regeneration process and lead to further death of neural and glial cells, widespread neuroinflammation, and persists for several weeks after injury [4,5]. Moreovserru, mthedudryinngamthiecpcehraiondgeosf BtoMt-hMeSCchsetmreoatkmineen/tcoyftoakpinaeti/egnrtoawfttehr SfaCcItowresr’eperxoafmileiniend serum du(Friignugreth1e). period of BM-MSCs treatment of a patient after SCI were examined (Figure 1)
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