Mesenchymal stem cells in osteotomy repair after tibial tuberosity advancement in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament injury

Clarissa Rocha Dos Santos,Eduardo Maurício Mendes De Lima,Carolina Da Silva Leite,Patrícia Furtado Malard,Andre Rodrigues Da Cunha Barreto-Vianna,Richard Da Rocha Filgueiras,Kaique Nogueira

doi:10.1186/s40634-018-0130-z

Clarissa Rocha Dos Santos, Eduardo Maurício Mendes De Lima + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40634-018-0130-z

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Abstract

BackgroundThe cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is the most commonly encountered orthopedic condition in dogs. Among the various techniques to treat this condition, tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) has been used to obtain rapid recovery of the affected knee. The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) implanted in the osteotomy site obtained by TTA in nine dogs diagnosed with CCLR.MethodsThe MSC were isolated from the adipose tissue of the dogs and cultured for eight days, the animals were divided into two groups. Animals from the treated group (GT) received cell transport medium containing about 1.5 millions MSC, and the animals from the control group (GC) received only the cell transport medium. The study was performed in a double-blind manner using radiographs acquired on days 15, 30, 60 and 120 after the procedure. Evaluations of the density of the trabecular bone were performed using image analysis software. The results were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, followed by the normality test, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and Tukey’s multiple comparison test for p ≤ 0.05.ResultsAfter 30 days of the procedure, the animals of the GT presented an ossification mean 36.45% greater (p ≤ 0.033) than the GC, and there were no statistical differences for the other periods.ConclusionsDespite the total bone ossification within the expected period, there was no minimization of the estimated recovery time with the application of MSC, and inflammatory factors should be considered for reassessment of the therapeutic intervention time.

Highlights

The cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is the most commonly encountered orthopedic condition in dogs
The main function of the cranial cruciate ligament is the stabilization of the knee, where it prevents cranial displacement of the tibia in relation to the femur, in addition to aiding the rotational movements of the tibia (Calvo et al 2014; Fossum 2015; Venzin et al 2004)
The causes that lead to CCLR are still not completely defined (Vedrine et al 2013), but a number of presumed factors lead to a common pathway in the origin of these lesions (Cook 2010)

Summary

Introduction

The cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is the most commonly encountered orthopedic condition in dogs. Among the various techniques to treat this condition, tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) has been used to obtain rapid recovery of the affected knee. The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) implanted in the osteotomy site obtained by TTA in nine dogs diagnosed with CCLR. The main function of the cranial cruciate ligament is the stabilization of the knee, where it prevents cranial displacement of the tibia in relation to the femur, in addition to aiding the rotational movements of the tibia (Calvo et al 2014; Fossum 2015; Venzin et al 2004). Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is the orthopedic knee condition most common in dogs (Calvo et al 2014; Marino and Loughin 2010). Synthetic materials have not been widely used due to the possibility of distension, rupture, or infection (Fossum 2015)

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