Abstract
Application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in regenerative therapeutic procedures is becoming an increasingly important topic in medicine. Since the first isolation of dental tissue-derived MSC, there has been an intense investigation on the characteristics and potentials of these cells in regenerative dentistry. Their multidifferentiation potential, self-renewal capacity, and easy accessibility give them a key role in stem cell-based therapy. So far, several different dental stem cell types have been discovered and their potential usage is found in most of the major dental medicine branches. These cells are also researched in multiple fields of medicine for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarized dental MSC sources and analyzed their treatment modalities with particular emphasis on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA).
Highlights
Regenerative dental procedures involving mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have the potential of becoming a valuable alternative to standard dental treatments that usually rely on the use of artificial materials and/or relatively non-conservative treatments
Standard conservative treatments including medications, photobiomodulation (BPT) with laser devices, occlusal splints, and extensive prosthodontic rehabilitations or intra-articular injections are used in less advanced TMJ disorders and conditions (TMD) stages, while radical surgical methods such as open joint surgeries are favored in severe cases
It can be stated that the early regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) attempts were a part of a cell-free strategy (CF) that mainly relies on induced bleeding from periapical tissues (Figure 1)
Summary
Igor Smojver 1 , Ivan Katalinić 1 , Roko Bjelica 1,2 , Dragana Gabrić 2 , Vid Matišić 1 , Vilim Molnar 1 and Dragan Primorac 1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, *. College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA. Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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