Mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac regeneration: a sophisticated approach depends on trophic effects—what's left over? Focus on “Activation of Toll-like receptor 3 amplifies mesenchymal stem cell trophic factors and enhances therapeutic potency”

Abstract

application of stem cells for tissue, in particular cardiac, regeneration represents a promising field of investigation but has not achieved clinical utility ([Fig. 1][1]). From the latter point of view, Strauer and colleagues ([7][2]) in 2001 achieved an important milestone by their administration