Abstract
Introduction: The massive hepatic necrosis of acute liver failure (ALF) results in a sudden loss of hepatic cells. Although most hepatocyte cells of ALF are completely lost, stem cell-derived circulating cells and endogenous progenitor cells rapidly regenerate them. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a critical role in the regeneration of liver injury through regulating platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. However, their fluctuating levels in the healing process and correlation to the decrease of liver function markers remain unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of MSCs in accelerating liver regeneration of ALF by measuring VEGF and PDGF levels on day 2 and 7, as well as SGPT and SGOT levels, and assessing histopathology appearance.
 Methods: Using an ALF rat model, 12 animals were randomly assigned into two groups: umbilical cord (UC)-MSC injection (T1) and vehicle control (Veh). ELISA assay was employed to measure PDGF and VEGF levels, an automatic analyzer was used to assess serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate morphological appearance.
 Results: The study showed an significant (P<0.001) increase of PDGF and VEGF levels on the 2nd day, followed by a decrease on the 7th day, along with a decrease of SGPT and SGOT levels as well as the normality of histology appearance.
 Conclusion: In conclusion, administration of MSCs may accelerate liver regeneration of ALF through PDGF and VEGF regulation.
Highlights
The massive hepatic necrosis of acute liver failure (ALF) results in a sudden loss of hepatic cells
The aim of this study was to analyze the role of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) released by Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ALF that are associated with the improvement of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels, as well as histological appearance
Umbilical Cord-Mesenchymal Stem Cells VEGF (UC-MSCs) isolation was performed based on the plastic adherent capacity under standard culture conditions (37oC, 5% Carbon dioxside Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (CO2))
Summary
The massive hepatic necrosis of acute liver failure (ALF) results in a sudden loss of hepatic cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a critical role in the regeneration of liver injury through regulating platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Their fluctuating levels in the healing process and correlation to the decrease of liver function markers remain unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of MSCs in accelerating liver regeneration of ALF by measuring VEGF and PDGF levels on day 2 and 7, as well as SGPT and SGOT levels, and assessing histopathology appearance. Studies have demonstrated that MSCs have high differentiation potential to specific cells, including primary hepatocytes 4 These facts suggest that MSCs could accelerate the regeneration process of ALF.
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