Mesangiogenic Progenitor Cells Are Tissue Specific and Cannot Be Isolated From Adipose Tissue or Umbilical Cord Blood.

Serena Barachini,Vittoria Carnicelli,Nicola Piolanti,Paolo D Parchi,Enrico Bonicoli,Gabriele Buda,Marina Montali,Michelangelo Scaglione,Gian Luca Gatti,Francesca M Panvini

doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.669381

Abstract

Mesangiogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) have been isolated from human bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells. They attracted particular attention for the ability to differentiate into exponentially growing mesenchymal stromal cells while retaining endothelial differentiative potential. MPC power to couple mesengenesis and angiogenesis highlights their tissue regenerative potential and clinical value, with particular reference to musculoskeletal tissues regeneration. BM and adipose tissue represent the most promising adult multipotent cell sources for bone and cartilage repair, although discussion is still open on their respective profitability. Culture determinants, as well as tissues of origin, appeared to strongly affect the regenerative potential of cell preparations, making reliable methods for cell isolation and growth a prerequisite to obtain cell-based medicinal products. Our group had established a definite consistent protocol for MPC culture, and here, we present data showing MPCs to be tissue specific.

Highlights

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), first identified in bone marrow (BM) over 50 years ago (Friedenstein et al, 1968), are characterized by their differentiative potential, both in vitro and in vivo (Caplan, 1991; Pittenger et al, 1999)
With the aim of extending the range of tissue sources for Mesangiogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) we evaluated the efficacy of our MPC isolation and culture protocol using three candidate tissues, including BM, human stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and umbilical cord blood (UCB)
A CD64brightCD31bright subpopulation was clearly detectable in both BM- and UCB-MNCs while SVF-MNCs expressed lower levels of CD31

Summary

Introduction

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), first identified in bone marrow (BM) over 50 years ago (Friedenstein et al, 1968), are characterized by their differentiative potential, both in vitro and in vivo (Caplan, 1991; Pittenger et al, 1999). Alternative sources for MSC-like cells were considered, leading to the evidence that they could be obtained from a wide range of adult tissues and their clinical potential was investigated (Brown et al, 2019). Unlike BM, where MSCs represent a very rare population, AT can provide a high yield of cells with strong proliferative potential and may be considered as a feasible source for cell therapy (Mushahary et al, 2018; Brown et al, 2019). The heterogeneity of cell culture protocols hampers a definite assessment of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical results, impeding confirmation of the therapeutic potential of MSC-based treatments

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Conclusion