Abstract
Varroosis is a disease of bees and their brood caused by Varroa destructor, an ectoparasitic mite (acarine). This parasite is present throughout the year in bee colonies feeding on hemolymph from adult bees, larvae and pupae. Varroosis is also present in the beekeeping of Montenegro. Measures to prevent varroosis include beekeeping on favorable terrains, early detection of diseases, control of newly procured colonies, application of the principles of good beekeeping practice, control of treatment efficiency etc. Diagnostic examination for varroosis is carried out once a year - until the end of March in all bee colonies. For mite control, only registered products should be used. In Montenegro, natural preparations are registered - Apiguard (based on thymol) and Api Life Var (based on thymol, eucalyptus oil, camphor and L-menthol). Varroa quickly becomes resistant to synthetic chemical preparations based on compounds, such as amitraz, coumaphos, synthetic pyrethroids - fluvalinate and flumethrin. In addition to gaining resistance, there is a great danger of depositing residues in bee products. Such bee products are a source of contamination for humans through the consumption of bee products (honey, royal jelly, propolis, etc.) and bee wax is a source of contamination through cosmetic products that contain it. Therefore, these synthetic preparations should not be used for the treatment of bee colonies against varroa.
Highlights
Beekeeping in Montenegro is of great importance for nature conservation as well as for the economic development of Montenegro
In Montenegro, according to the law, the following dangerous diseases included in the OIE list are suppressed: American foulbrood of honey bees, European foulbrood of honey bees, the fungal disease nosemosis and the parasitic diseases: varroosis, acarapisosis, tropilelosis and ethiniosis (Anon. 2017, 2017a)
Due to the negative effects of synthetic preparations, natural preparations based on essential oils and organic acids are increasingly used to treat varroa
Summary
The mite Varroa destructor is the most important parasite of bees (Adjalane and Haddad, 2017) (Fig. 1) This parasite causes great damage to beekeeping in Montenegro. It provokes varroosis, the disease of bees and their brood. The disease of bees and their brood This parasite is present throughout the year in bee colonies by feeding on hemolymphs from bees, larvae and pupae. Infected with V. destructor leads to chalkbrood (Getchev and Kantchev, 1998) Indirect damage from this parasite is evidenced by the transmission and spread of viral diseases to bee colonies. Males die, and females remain in the cell feeding on the hemolymph of pupae and young bees (Figure 2). They are restless, crawl into the grass, turn onto their backs and eventually die (Lolin, 1991; Plavša and Pavlović, 2017)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
