Mercury Volatilization from Three Floodplain Soils at the Central Elbe River, Germany

Abstract

Wetlands at the riverside of the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve “Central Elbe” are highly contaminated by heavy metals, especially mercury (Hg). The Hg-polluted Elbe floodplain soils turn out to be a source of gaseous mercury via Hg volatilization from soil into the atmosphere. A modified field sampling method was used to measure total gaseous mercury (TGM) volatilization from three different sites at the Elbe River. The modified setup had a reduced chamber size and contained an internal gas circulation system. An in-ground stainless steel cylinder minimizes Hg volatilization from adjacent soil air. Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) was used to determine TGM amalgamated on gold traps. Sampled TGM amounts ranged between 0.02 and 0.63 ng (absolute), whereas the calculated Hg fluxes varied from 2.0 to 63.3 ng m−2 h−1. The modified system should allow measurements of Hg volatilization at various sites with a high spatial resolution, which should enable the study of interrelations between TGM emission and several key factors influencing Hg emission from floodplain soils at the Elbe River and other riverine ecosystems in the near future.