Abstract
Mercury (Hg), this non-essential heavy metal released from both industrial and natural sources entered into living bodies, and cause grievous detrimental effects to the human health and ecosystem. The monitoring of Hg2+ excessive accumulation can be beneficial to fight against the risk associated with mercury toxicity to living systems. Therefore, there is an emergent need of novel and facile analytical approaches for the monitoring of mercury levels in various environmental, industrial, and biological samples. The chromo-fluorogenic chemosensors possess the attractive analytical parameters of low-cost, enhanced detection ability with high sensitivity, simplicity, rapid on-site monitoring ability, etc. This review was narrated to summarize the mercuric ion selective chromo-fluorogenic chemosensors reported in the year 2020. The design of sensors, mechanisms, fluorophores used, analytical performance, etc. are summarized and discussed.
Highlights
Metals like Na, K, Mg, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Mo are well-known to play important roles in human physiological functions
Among the various analytical techniques, the chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors are extensively developed for the detection of metal ions because of their high selectivity and sensitivity, easy-to-design, low-cost, simplicity, real-time, and on-site detection ability
Its reduced form, called dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), contains a couple of -SH groups; it is characterized by high affinity for mercuric ion and has been recently proposed as an effective mercury chelator [31]
Summary
Metals like Na, K, Mg, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Mo are well-known to play important roles in human physiological functions. Several non-essential metals entered into the human body from different sources can cause grievous toxic effects even at trace quantity. There is an exponential growth in the development of facile and cost-effective analytical techniques for the on-site and real-time detection of both essential and non-essential metal ions [1,2,3,4,5]. Among the various analytical techniques, the chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors are extensively developed for the detection of metal ions because of their high selectivity and sensitivity, easy-to-design, low-cost, simplicity, real-time, and on-site detection ability. The associated toxicity even at a trace amount of mercury resulted an expedite growth in the design of novel analytical methods, including optically active chemosensors for the detection of mercuric ions. The fluorophores used for the designing of sensors, the sensing mechanisms and the detection performance will be summarized and discussed
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