Mercury contaminations and at-sea areas of three auk species, breeding across the Pacific and Atlantic oceans

Abstract

**Abstract:** Mercury is a toxic, bioaccumulating trace metal whose emissions have recently been increasing and impacting even remote environments. Seabirds integrate bio-accumulative mercury via food intake. This is mainly deposited during the molting period in which the feathers are replaced annually, and the concentrations reflect the uptake and storage of mercury between molts. Here, we examine variation in marine mercury concentrations in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, by using seabirds' feathers. We collected primary, rectrix and breast feathers from three auk species with similar body masses (Rhinoceros Auklets Cerorhinca monocerata, Tufted Puffins Fratercula cirrhata, Atlantic Puffins Fratercula arctica) each may be subjected to different levels of mercury emissions in the Pacific (Middleton Island, USA; Teuri Island, Japan) and Atlantic (Skomer Island, UK), and tracked birds with light-level geolocators to obtain information about their non-breeding habitat. We measured mercury concentrations, then compared these concentrations with the birds' distribution obtained by geolocators, to test mercury contamination at individual levels. We discuss potential factors affecting the levels of mercury concentration among different species and locations. **Authors:** Chinatsu Nakajima¹, Kyle Elliott², Scott Hatch³, Shannon Whelan², Annette Fayet⁴, Yasuaki Niizuma⁵, Jumpei Okado⁶, Akiko Shoji¹ ¹University of Tsukuba, ²McGill University, ³Institute for Seabird Research and Monitoring, ⁴Oxford University, ⁵Meijo University, ⁶Hokkaido University