MEOHANisMs oF HEALiNG oF OoRNEAL DEFEOTs wiTH THE USE OF SiLiOA DESiCOATiON AMNiOTiO MEMBRANE

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to study the mechanism of healing of corneal epithelium defect by using silica desiccation amniotic membrane at the cytomorphological level. 7 patients of Samara Regional Clinical Ophtalmologic Hospital named after T.I. Eroshevsky formed the main group of the perforemd study. They were diagnosed with recurrent trophic ulcers of the epithelium and corneal stroma. Their corneal defects were covered with the silica desiccation amniotic membrane. A control group included 5 patients with the same diagnosis. They were observed and treated without amniotic membrane application. Control over the regeneration of corneal defects was carried out by biomicroscopy with fluorescein staining, as well as by cytological examination of impression smears from the surface of the cornea on the 1st, 7th and 15th day after the treatment onset. Patient were being followed up for 6 months. Results. Cytomorphological examination on the 1st day after covering the cornea with the amniotic membrane showed the presence of separate long cells of irregular shape. Both layers of smaller epithelial cells and multiple neutrophils were revealed in the control group. By the 7th day cytograms of the patients in the main group had shown mature cells, impression smears in patients of the control group demonstrated epithelial cells of round shape with darkened cytoplasm and a large number of inclusions. On the 15th day cytograms of patients of both groups almost did not differ. During the following 6 months’ observation recurrent corneal epithelial defects with the inflammatory process were noted in patients of the control group. The main group didn’t show such conditions. Conclusions. Silica desiccation amniotic membrane contributes to the increase in the number of epithelial cells, movement and their firm fixation on the corneal surface as well as reduction of the inflammatory process.