Abstract
The effects of gender, strategy and task characteristics on children's mental rotation (MR) behavioral measures and eye movements were studied. Eye movements reflect thinking pattern and assist understanding mental rotation performance. Eighty-three fourth-grade children (44 boys and 39 girls) were administered the Computerized Windows Mental Rotation test (CWMR) while having their eye movements monitored and completed a Strategy Self-Report (global/local/combined) and a Spatial Span (WM) subtest. Difficulty level affected performance and was reflected in a different eye movement pattern. Boys were more accurate than girls, but they did not differ in their eye movement pattern. Eye movement pattern was related to strategy, accu-racy and reaction time, revealing that the global and combined strategy were more effective compared with local strategy. WM was found to correlate with accuracy at the easy level of the test. The usage of eye movement measures assists in elaborating our knowledge regarding MR performance among chil-dren and enable a wider understanding regarding the interaction between gender, strategy and difficulty level.
Highlights
1.1 Definition and goalsMental rotation (MR) was defined as the ability to mentally transform two- or three-dimensional objects in space (Shepard & Metzler, 1971)
3.1 mental rotation (MR) ability: Behavioral measures To test the hypotheses of behavioral variables for the Computerized Windows Mental Rotation test (CWMR) test, the variables of accuracy and reaction-time were each analyzed by mixed ANOVA of 2 x 3 x 2: Gender (2) by Self-Report of Strategy by Difficulty Level (2)
In the current study we focus on the effect or association of each of these factors and the correlation between them regarding MR performance among children
Summary
Mental rotation (MR) was defined as the ability to mentally transform two- or three-dimensional objects in space (Shepard & Metzler, 1971). Received July 1, 2018; Published November 6, 2019. Mental rotation: The effects of processing strategy, gender and task characteristics on children's accuracy, reaction time and eye movements’ pattern.
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